Structure
-each country sends a representative, who must also have status as a high judge in the country itself
-this is the biggest body which also has veto powers over bench findings by three-fourths majority
-the International Forum picks out members of the court to populate benches
History
-formed by initiative kicked off by Richard Cobden
-with high influence in Heads of British Isles > 1846-1857 Wilfrid Lawson (Radical) government
-and with Lawson wanting to enforce this
-created in 1856 in aftermath of French Wars > Third French War (1847-54) to hopefully resolve future disputes between nations
-however permanent arbitration is practically speaking unenforceable
-does see some success in era of religious ferment that comes with Catholic split
-in aftermath of French Wars > Fifth French War (1892-5) it is also granted jurisdiction over war crimes
-does try several generals but only the most egregious placed in jail
-issues resolution for Portuguese government against its atrocities in Grao-Para